تست شخصیت شناسی آیزنک بزرگسالان

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تست شخصیت شناسی آیزنک

دسته بتدی: تست شخصیت شناسی

هانس آیزنک و جفری گری در میان نخستین پیشگامان فرضیه صفات شخصیت، چشم‌انداز تازه‌ای از تفاوت‌های فردی در این حیطه از کارکرد مغز ارائه دادند.

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رایگان

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معرفی تست شخصیت آیزنک (EPQ)

هانس آیزنک و جفری گری در میان نخستین پیشگامان فرضیه صفات شخصیت، چشم‌انداز تازه‌ای از تفاوت‌های فردی در این حیطه از کارکرد مغز ارائه دادند. هر دو نظریه‌پرداز با این فرض آغاز کردند که ما می‌توانیم فرآیندهای مغزی را توسط معانی ساده شده‌ای از مفهوم سیستم عصبی مشخص کنیم.

زیرا این مفاهیم مدارهای کلیدی مرتبط با شخصیت و رفتار را در بر دارند و در این میان نظریه صفت مبتنی بر تحلیل عاملی دیدگاه روان ـ زیست‌شناختی آیزنک حمایت بین‌المللی گسترده‌ای دریافت کرد و شدیداً مورد حمایت تجربی قرار گرفت.

پرسش‌نامه شخصیت شناسی آیزنک، یک پرسش‌نامه خودارزیابی شخصیتی است که دو بعد بنیادی شخصیت را اندازه‌گیری می‌کند. آیزنک، این ابعاد را با روش تحلیل عاملی کشف کرد. آیزنک در ابتدا به دو عامل اساسی در سنجش شخصیت شامل روان رنجوری N و برونگرایی – درونگرایی توجه داشت.

آیزنک برای بعد برون‌گرایی ـ درون‌گرایی یک مبنای فیزیولوژیک قایل است که ریشه در واکنش‌پذیری دستگاه عصبی ارادی دارد. وی پس از دو بعد اولیه، بعد سومی را به آن ها افزود و آن را روان پریشی P نام نهاد. مبنای فیزیولوژیک روان‌رنجورخویی به واکنش دستگاه عصبی خودمختار برمی‌گردد که هیجان را در کنترل دارد.

این سه عامل، نظریه سه عاملی آیزنک را در شخصیت تشکیل می دهند. آیزنک و لانگ (1986) خاطر نشان می کنند که در مطالعات آن ها از فرهنگ های مختلف شواهد فراوانی دال بر وجود این سه بعد به دست آمده است.

بر طبق نظریه آیزنک یا آیزنگ بعد شخصیتی روان‌آزرده‌گرایی با بعد درون‌گردی متعامد است. آیزنک پیشنهاد کرد که تفاوت‌های فردی در برونگردی منعکس‌کننده تفاوت در شدت برانگیختگی قشر مخ است و از تفاوت در واکنش به نظام فعال‌ساز شبکه‌ای صعودی به محرک‌های محیطی ناشی می‌شود، وی استدلال کرد که درون‌گراها برانگیختگی کرتکس بیشتری نسبت به برون‌گراها دارند و آسان‌تر شرطی می‌شوند.

کاربرد آزمون شخصیت شناسی آیزنک

طبقه بندی افراد در تیپ شناسی حالا هر قدر هم ساده، در برنامه ریزی و اثربخش نمودن ارتباطات انسانی بهتر از عدم شناخت است.

پرسشنامه آیزنک که نسخه اولیه آن در سال 1967 با دو فرم مخصوص کودکان و بزرگسالان تهیه شده است. آزمون شخصیت شناسی آیزنک جهت سنجش برخی جنبه های شخصیت از جمله برونگرایی و درون گرایی و همچنین تشخیص برخی اختلال های شخصیت مانند روان پریشی، جامعه ستیزی، روان رنجور خویی و مقبولیت اجتماعی استفاده شده است.

استفاده از این تیپ شناسی به شما کمک خواهد نمود تا در خصوص کار، ارتباطات بین فردی و کنار آمدن با خود با استفاده از مفاهیم جا افتاده آن افق های جدیدی بسازید.

نحوه‌ی تفسیر آزمون شخصیت شناسی آیزنک

امتیاز بزرگ استفاده از این نوع تیپ شناسی آن است که برای استفاده از آن نیاز به آموختن مطلب جدیدی ندارید و فقط کافی است تا اطلاعات موجود خود را بازیابی و دوباره سازماندهی کنید.

تفسیر شخصیتی و بالینی (کمک به تشخیص اختلالات شخصیتی) پرسشنامه شخصیتی آیزنک کاملا دقیق و براساس روش مدون علمی (دارای نمرات تراز و استاندارد) تهیه گردیده است. در تفسیر بالینی پرسشنامه ها به این مساله دقت کنید که تست های روانشناختی نظریه تشخیصی می دهند و نه تشخیص.

فرآیند تشخیص شامل نظر متخصص آموزش دیده و با تجربه می باشد. پس در صورتی که مساله ای بالینی و مرتبط با بیماری های روانی در تست شما دیده می شود، حتما با یک متخصص مشورت کنید.

تفسیر تیپ شناختی پرسشنامه آیزنک براساس مختصات فرد در محور افقی E و محور عمودی N حاصل می شود. نکته مهم این است که مدل تیپ شناسی آیزنک در کنار مدل تیپ شناسی مارستون (که بیشتر به مدل DISC شناخته شده است) جز ساده ترین و پر استفاده ترین مدل های تیپ شناسی هستند.

افرادی که نمره بالایی در مقیاس برونگردی می‌گیرند (برون‌گراها) عموماً معاشرتی، خونگرم، اجتماعی، فعال و خوشبین هستند، در حالی‌که آنهایی که نمره‌ای پایین در این بعد می‌گیرند (درون‌گراها) ساکت، غیراجتماعی، منفعل و مراقب هستند.

آیزنک بر این باور است که غالباً افراد به چهار گروه تقسیم می شوند. که عبارتند از:

الف) درون گرای با ثبات: این گروه افرادی فعل پذیر، محتاط، فکور، صلح جو، خوددار، قابل اعتماد، همسان خو و آرام هستند.

ب) برون گرای با ثبات: این گروه افرادی مردم آمیز، معاشرتی، پر حرف، حاضر جواب، سهل گیر، سرزنده، بی خیال و رهبر هستند.

ج) درون گرای بی ثبات: این افراد دمدمی، دلشوره ای، کم انعطاف، هشیار، بدبین، تودار، مردم گریز، کم حرف هستند.

د) برون گرای بی ثبات: این افراد زود رنج، بیقرار، پرخاشگر، تحریک پذیر، تغییر گرا، تکانشی، خوشبین و پرتلاش هستند.

افرادی که در بعد روان‌رنجورخویی نمره بالایی می‌گیرند، واکنش‌های هیجانی شدیدی از خود نشان می‌دهند و خیلی راحت می‌ترسند. به این ترتیب در فضای دو بعدی مطابق شکل این دو مقیاس می‌توان به تشخیص‌های خاصی دست یافت. برای مثال نمره افراد مبتلا به ترس از مکان‌های باز در بعد برون‌گرایی پایین و در بعد روان‌رنجورخویی بالا است.

[/fusion_tab][fusion_tab title=”نظرات کاربران” icon=”” icon_active_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” icon_color=””]

محتویات موردنظر اینجا قرار می گیرد

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