Beck Depression Test (BDI-ll)

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Beck Depression Test (BDI-ll)

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Free

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Experience Beck’s depression test with a unique and complete interpretation on the SciTech website.

Beck depression test

Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, BDI-1A, BDI-II), prepared by Aaron T. Beck. This tool is a multi-choice self-assessment questionnaire with 21 questions, which is one of the most common psychometric tests to measure the severity of depression.

In its current version, the BDI-II is designed for individuals 13 years of age and older and includes items related to depressive symptoms. Some of these items include; Frustration and irritability, diagnoses such as feeling guilty or feeling punished, as well as physical symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, and lack of attention to the opposite sex.

Psychological test and mental disorders

Psychological testing is used to measure many mental disorders and diseases, including anxiety, stress and depression. These tests are usually made by clinical psychologists and based on the study of their clients.

Psychological tests in the field of measuring psychological problems, such as the Beck depression test and Cattle anxiety test, have a high standard and have been used in various researches with normal and sick people.

We believe that self-awareness from an assessment can be the first effective step to guide you towards health and peace.

The Beck Depression Inventory is widely used as a formal assessment tool by various health care professionals and researchers. This tool has been used many times by psychologists and researchers in the last forty years.

In this test, the person is asked to consider her feelings in the last two weeks and answer the questions. Psytech teamhas tried to provide you with information for effective guidance and guidance by compiling a unique interpretation of this test after evaluation and measurement.

Please be sure to pay attention to the guidelines and warnings provided after completing the test. Cytech team is trying to clarify your current situation in order to expand your information regarding this disorder.

Evaluate your situation in the following components with Beck’s depression test on the Scitech website:

The impact of depression on health

Depression is very dangerous for your health. People with depression experience three times the risk of developing heart disease. In fact, depression affects the whole body. This disorder weakens the body’s immune system, increases susceptibility to viral infections over time, and even some types of cancer are related to this disorder.

Some people who suffer from depression experience high rates of diabetes and osteoporosis. Also, depression endangers the functioning of a healthy life and causes disturbances in concentration and mental function. In general, there is evidence that shows that depressed people have a lower life expectancy and suffer from various physical diseases more than others.

Symptoms of depression

Anyone who is depressed may experience any number of symptoms. Some people experience multiple symptoms, some may have limited symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies from person to person and also varies over time.

Depression often involves sadness, a sense of emptiness, hopelessness, or pessimism, along with feelings of guilt, worthlessness, or confusion. It can also be a loss of interest or enjoyment in hobbies and activities that the person previously enjoyed.

Decreased energy, fatigue, restlessness, irritability, and impaired concentration, memory, or decision-making are also seen in some people.

Many people with depression also have suicidal thoughts. People with depression may also experience sleep disturbances (insomnia, morning awakening, hypersomnia). Eating behavior (changes in appetite, weight loss or weight gain) will be problematic in these people.

Persistent physical symptoms may include headaches, digestive disturbances, and chronic pain. Depression is often accompanied by anxiety. Research shows that not only do the two co-occur, but they also overlap in patterns of genetic vulnerability.

Cause of depression

No specific cause can be determined for depression. Rather, it probably results from the combination of genetic, biological, environmental and psychological factors.

Major negative experiences from trauma, loss of a friend, failed relationship, or any stressful situation that a person is unable to cope with may contribute to depression. However, depression is not the inherent result of that stressful event, but many researches show that the impact of these events repeatedly and in interaction with a person’s life experiences is on her thinking patterns that can cause this problem.

Research using brain imaging technologies, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), shows that the brains of people with depression are different from those of people without depression. The parts of the brain that are responsible for regulating mood, thinking, sleep, appetite and behavior function abnormally.

It is not known whether the changes seen in the brain are the cause of depression or whether it is a consequence of depression. Some types of depression run in families, which suggests that there is a genetic vulnerability to this disorder.

depression treatment

Although depression and its treatments are known, less than half of people with this disease in the world (less than 10% in many countries) receive such treatments.

The most important barriers to effective care are; Lack of resources, lack of trained health care providers, and negative social stigma associated with mental disorders. Another barrier to effective care is misdiagnosis.

According to the World Health Organization in 2018, in many countries, people who are depressed are often not diagnosed correctly, and some who do not have this disorder are misdiagnosed and even prescribed antidepressants.

Evaluation of depression will help us to have a clear view of our current situation and refer to a psychologist if needed.

It may be difficult for many people to go to a psychologist, but we should know that choosing the right psychologist can have a very positive change in our lives. A depression test can help you assess yourself better before going to a psychologist.

Also, your level of depression may not be to the extent that you need to visit. By making this common test available, the Psytech team has tried to provide conditions where you can measure your level of depression based on global standards.

If needed, we will recommend solutions to you. If the problem is serious and you answered this test honestly, it is recommended to see a psychologist as soon as possible.

[/fusion_tab][fusion_tab title=”Test validity” icon=”” icon_active_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” icon_color=””]

The results of our study show that the Beck 2 depression test enables both the diagnosis and the measurement of the severity of depression symptoms.

Validity and validity based on international studies

Since the formulation of Beck’s depression test, there have been many evaluations by researchers and researchers about it. Beck, Steer, and Garbin (1988), in a high-level analysis of various attempts to determine internal consistency, obtained coefficients ranging from 0.73 to 0.92 with an average of 0.86. Concurrent validity with clinical ratings for psychiatric patients indicates correlation coefficients from medium to high 0.55-0.96. The correlation coefficient after the post-test in the group of patients with depression after one week is reported as 0.93. Also, the validity of the instrument through its simultaneous implementation with Beck’s hopelessness scale, suicide scale, Beck’s anxiety questionnaire and Hamilton’s psychiatric rating scale for depression as well as Hamilton’s anxiety scale has been reported between 0.37 and 0.71 (Beck et al., 1987). .

validity and reliability based on studies in Iran

In the research of Taheri Tanjani et al., which was carried out on 233 elderly people, the internal consistency through Cronbach’s alpha and Tasneef was 0.93 and 0.64, respectively, and also in its convergent validity study, a correlation of 0.80 was reported with GHQ-28. Is. The correlation of this questionnaire with the Hamilton psychiatric rating scale for depression is 0.73, the Zong depression scale is reported as 0.76, and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient is 0.91 in the Iranian sample (Hamid, 2013).

Beck’s depression test is the most widely used and most reliable depression test in the world.

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[/fusion_tab][fusion_tab title=”Change report” icon=”” icon_active_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” icon_color=””]

Added single page PDF profile on 06/05/1402 (last update).

On 07/22/1401, an advanced version of the commentary was added.

On 07/10/1401, multi-axis scoring was added.

On 05/20/1401, the output of the results was checked by a clinical psychologist.

On 05/08/1401, the output of the results was checked by an expert.

On 03/18/1401, the scores were revised by a psychologist.

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